QMDS code bounds

Upper and lower bounds for the highest distance in QMDS families

Codes are marked with \(\ast\) if lower and upper bounds meet.

local dimension \(D=3\).

\(\mathbf{n+k}\) upper lower optimal Reference
\(4\) \([\![ 4 , 0 , 3 ]\!]_ 3\) \([\![ 4 , 0 , 3 ]\!]_3\) \(\ast\) Hermitean
\(6\) \([\![ 6 , 0 , 4 ]\!]_ 3\) \([\![ 6 , 0 , 4 ]\!]_3\) \(\ast\) Rains~\cite{782103}
\(8\) \([\![ 6 , 2 , 3 ]\!]_ 3\) \([\![ 6 , 2 , 3 ]\!]_3\) \(\ast\) Single-Error
\(10\) \([\![ 10 , 0 , 6 ]\!]_ 3\) \([\![ 10, 0 , 6 ]\!]_3\) \(\ast\) Glynn code~\cite{GLYNN198643}
\(12\) \([\![ 8 , 4 , 3 ]\!]_ 3\) \([\![ 8 , 4 , 3 ]\!]_3\) \(\ast\) Single-Error
\(14\) \([\![ 11 , 3 , 5 ]\!]_ 3\) \([\![ 10, 4 , 4 ]\!]_3\)   Grassl/Rötteler I
\(16\) \([\![ 11 , 5 , 4 ]\!]_ 3\) \([\![ 10, 6 , 3 ]\!]_3\)   Single-Error

local dimension \(D=4\).

\(\mathbf{n+k}\) upper lower optimal Reference  
\(4\) \([\![ 4 , 0 , 3 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 4 , 0 , 3 ]\!]_4\) \(\ast\) Hermitean  
\(6\) \([\![ 6 , 0 , 4 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 6 , 0 , 4 ]\!]_4\) \(\ast\) Rains~\cite{782103}  
\(8\) \([\![ 8 , 0 , 5]\!]_4\) \([\![ 6 , 2 , 3 ]\!]_4\)   Single-Error lower bound optimal for stab codes [BMS24]
\(10\) \([\![ 10 , 0 , 6 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 10 , 0 , 6 ]\!]_4\) \(\ast\) Gulliver et al. \cite{4608969}  
\(12\) \([\![ 10 , 2 , 5 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 9 , 3 , 4 ]\!]_4\)   Grassl/Rötteler~\cite{7282626}  
\(14\) \([\![ 14 , 0 , 8 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 10 , 4 , 4 ]\!]_4\)   shortening \([\![18,12,4]\!]_4\)  
\(16\) \([\![ 13 , 3 , 6 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 11 , 5 , 4 ]\!]_4\)   Grassl/Rötteler~\cite{7282626}  
\(18\) \([\![ 18 , 0 , 10]\!]_4\) \([\![ 12 , 6 , 4 ]\!]_4\)   shortening \([\![18,12,4]\!]_4\)  
\(20\) \([\![ 16 , 4 , 7 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 12 , 8 , 3 ]\!]_4\)   Single-Error  
\(22\) \([\![ 22 , 0 , 12]\!]_4\) \([\![ 14 , 8 , 4 ]\!]_4\)   shortening \([\![18,12,4]\!]_4\)  
\(24\) \([\![ 19 , 5 , 8 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 14 , 10, 3 ]\!]_4\)   Single-Error  
\(26\) \([\![ 23 , 3 , 11 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 17 , 9 , 5 ]\!]_4\)   Grassl/Rötteler I  
\(28\) \([\![ 22 , 6 , 9 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 16 , 12, 3 ]\!]_4\)   Single-Error  
\(30\) \([\![ 26 , 4 , 12 ]\!]_4\) \([\![ 18 , 12, 4 ]\!]_4\)   Grassl/Rötteler II  

local dimension \(D=5\).

\(\mathbf{n+k}\) upper lower optimal Reference
\(4\) \([\![ 4 , 0 , 3 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 4 , 0 , 3 ]\!]_5\) \(\ast\) Hermitean
\(6\) \([\![ 6 , 0 , 4 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 6 , 0 , 4 ]\!]_5\) \(\ast\) Rains~\cite{782103}
\(8\) \([\![ 8 , 0 , 5 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 8 , 0 , 5 ]\!]_5\) \(\ast\) Kim/Lee~\cite{KimLee04}
\(10\) \([\![ 10 , 0 , 6 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 10 , 0 , 6 ]\!]_5\) \(\ast\) Kim/Lee~\cite{KimLee04}
\(12\) \([\![ 12 , 0 , 7 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 10 , 2 , 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(14\) \([\![ 14 , 0 , 8 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 14 , 0 , 8 ]\!]_5\) \(\ast\) Ball code~\cite{Ball2019}
\(16\) \([\![ 16 , 0 , 9 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 12 , 4 , 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(18\) \([\![ 18 , 0 , 10 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 18 , 0 , 10]\!]_5\) \(\ast\) Ball code~\cite{Ball2019}
\(20\) \([\![ 20 , 0 , 11 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 14 , 6 , 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(22\) \([\![ 22 , 0 , 12 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 15 , 7 , 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(24\) \([\![ 24 , 0 , 13 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 16 , 8 , 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(26\) \([\![ 26 , 0 , 14 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 17 , 9 , 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(28\) \([\![ 26 , 2 , 13 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 18 , 10, 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(30\) \([\![ 30 , 0 , 16 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 19 , 11, 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(32\) \([\![ 30 , 2 , 15 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 20 , 12, 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(34\) \([\![ 34 , 0 , 18 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 21 , 13, 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(36\) \([\![ 34 , 2 , 17 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 22 , 14, 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(38\) \([\![ 38 , 0 , 20 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 23 , 15, 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(40\) \([\![ 37 , 3 , 18 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 24 , 16, 5 ]\!]_5\)   shortening \([\![26,18,5]\!]_5\)
\(42\) \([\![ 42 , 0 , 22 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 26 , 16, 6 ]\!]_5\)   Grassl/Rötteler I
\(44\) \([\![ 41 , 3 , 20 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 26 , 18, 5 ]\!]_5\)   Grassl/Rötteler I
\(46\) \([\![ 46 , 0 , 24 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 26 , 20, 4 ]\!]_5\)   Grassl/Rötteler I
\(48\) \([\![ 45 , 3 , 22 ]\!]_5\) \([\![ 26 , 22, 3 ]\!]_5\)   Single-Error

References and updates:

Table based on Felix Huber, Markus Grassl, Quantum Codes of Maximal Distance and Highly Entangled Subspaces, Quantum 4, 284 (2020), https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.07733

Updates from the original tables (2020)

Last updated: 3 March 2026

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